Dynamic lobbying: Evidence from foreign lobbying in the U.S. Congress

How do interest groups decide which member of Congress to target when decisions are made collectively? Do lobbying strategies change as legislation advances? Answering these questions is challenging due to a lack of systematic observations of lobbying contacts. I answer these questions using a novel data set constructed from reports submitted by lobbyists on behalf of South Korea regarding its free trade agreement with the United States for 10 years. I show that a diverse set of politicians are contacted but the timing, intensity, and strategy of lobbying contacts vary by politicians' institutional positions as well as their predisposed preferences for free trade.     

基于ISM的海南省现代物流业与经济协同发展研究

区域物流与区域经济的协同发展是一个动态的复杂系统,在不同发展阶段二者协同发展的关键影响因素是不同的。以海南自由贸易港建设为背景,采用解释结构模型建立了二者协同影响因素的层级结构,将所有影响因素分为表层、中层及深层三层因素。研究结果表明:生态环境保护这一因素直接影响物流业与经济协同发展水平,其他要素对生态环境保护都有一定的抑制或拉动作用,高等院校的专业人才输入是二者协同发展的源动力。据此确定海南省现代物流业与经济协同发展的关键因素与优先环节,为二者绿色协同持续发展提出了切实可行的建议。     

美国对药品专利技术政策国际协调的回应策略

《TRIPs协议修正案》的出台标志着药品专利技术政策国际协调的新成果。作为一种回应措施,美国纷纷签署一些自由贸易协定。这些协定未能重申药品专利政策国际协调成果中的重要原则和标准,扩大可专利种类和范围,明确否认《修正案》平行进口,限制《修正案》强制许可制度和措施,增加许多新条款应对《修正案》,延长专利期限。     

构建北京自贸试验区国际商事仲裁机制疏纡

北京自贸试验区的发展需要建立良好的营商环境和深度开放的市场,而商事纠纷数量也会随之快速增长。作为使用率最高的商事争端解决方式,仲裁的重要性不言而喻,仲裁的服务质量将影响北京自贸试验区营商环境的国际化和法治化程度。作为国际服务贸易的组成部分,仲裁行业的发展状况还会直接反映自贸试验区市场的开放度。因此,构建北京自贸试验区商事仲裁机制,应对《仲裁法》滞后性引发的临时仲裁效力、仲裁裁决籍属等实践问题,是北京自贸试验区进一步开放发展的必经之路。     

The economic and trade effects of the UK–Korea free trade agreement on the United Kingdom,Korea, Japan,China, and the European Union

We explored a comparative static computable general equilibrium model with six regions and 12 sectors to estimate the impacts of the recent UK–Korea free trade agreement (FTA) along with the European Union (EU)–Korea FTA. The empirical results provide quantitative evidence of the impact on national GDP, national exports and imports by sector, and the changes in exports or imports among the United Kingdom, Korea, Japan, China, and the EU. The UK–Korea FTA, along with the EU–Korea FTA, increases GDP and welfare for the United Kingdom and Korea; moreover, there is a large increase in automobiles, transport equipment, and machinery exports between Korea and the United Kingdom. The GDP and welfare level of non-member countries such as Japan and China will slightly decline. Exports from the United Kingdom and Korea to non-member countries are also expected to decrease in most manufacturing sectors. The UK–Korea FTA will lead to increases in imports between the United Kingdom and Korea due to mutual trade creation effects and trade diversion effects. However, non-member countries such as Japan's exports are expected to experience a large decline in automobiles to the United Kingdom and in most manufacturing products to Korea due to the negative impact of the UK–Korea FTA.     

累积投票制强制执行能否保护中小股东利益？——基于断点回归的实证检验

以2008—2020年A股上市公司为样本，运用精确断点回归方法检验累积投票制强制执行对控股股东利益侵占的影响，并进一步考察股权自由现金流水平在其中发挥的调节效应。研究发现：累积投票制强制执行政策能够显著抑制控股股东利益侵占，该政策能够促使上市公司累积投票制的实施，并通过制衡机制、抵御机制及预防机制改善公司治理，保护中小股东利益。进一步研究表明，在股权自由现金流水平越高的企业，累积投票制强制执行越有效。因此，累积投票制强制执行政策具有一定的合理性，应予以坚持并进一步推行。     

Edgeworth's taxation paradox when firms engage in cost-reducing investment

This study examines whether and when Edgeworth's taxation paradox, that taxation decreases the equilibrium price, occurs in a free-entry Cournot oligopoly with cost-reducing investment. In contrast to the fact that no paradox occurs in the short-run equilibrium, the paradox can occur in the long-run equilibrium, in which the number of firms is endogenous. However, the conditions under which the paradox occurs are restrictive when there is no investment. By incorporating cost-reducing investments into the model, we demonstrate that the paradox is likely to occur under less restrictive conditions, irrespective of whether the tax is specific or ad valorem.     

The impact of perceived due care on trustworthiness and free market support in the Dutch banking sector

Public interest theory has argued that lack of trust in companies may reduce support for free markets. The literature did not address, however, the underlying causes of lack of trust and support of free markets in customer’s perceptions of virtuousness in economic actors. Combining public interest theory with virtue theory and stakeholder trust theory of organizations, we surmise that if customers perceive that employees of companies have insufficient due care for customers’ interests, the perceived trustworthiness of those companies will be low. Customers will then be more inclined to support government regulation in that particular sector or industry. In this paper, we test the relevance of these relationships for the banking sector using a representative sample of 5844 respondents in the Netherlands. We find that if bankers are perceived as persistent in their due care for customers, this encourages a perception that banks are trustworthy, which in turn induces support for free markets in banking and reduces the call for government regulation. An important management implication of our research is that banks should foster due care by means of employee-virtue training programs to enhance trust, thus generating more support for free market operations in the banking sector.     

框架-剪力墙-薄壁筒斜交结构自由振动分析的状态空间法

采用沿高度方向连续化的方法,建立了框架-剪力墙-薄壁筒斜交结构自由振动分析的连续化计算模型。将沿高度方向的坐标虚拟成时间坐标,导出了问题的状态空间表达式,用状态空间理论的方法求出了状态向量表达式,由结构的边界条件可求出初始状态向量,从而得出结构的自振频率。给出了数值算例,并与其他算法的结果进行了比较。     

门票免费模式下公众参观科技馆意愿的实证研究

以江西科技馆为例,运用多元有序Logistic回归模型实证分析了公众个人特征等六类因素对公众在门票免费模式下参观科技馆意愿的影响。研究表明,公众参观科技馆具有较强的目的性,并且公众的年龄、受教育程度、展品布局、展品质量、展厅环境舒适度、参观方便状况、场馆投诉处理情况以及场馆整体信誉度对公众在门票免费模式下参观科技馆具有显著影响。对此,本文提出了开发多样化个性服务、创建良好的场馆环境以及努力提升场馆形象等措施。